Selasa, 10 April 2012

tugas 11

1. Tipe if-clause :

*Tipe 1
Dalam tipe 1, if clause dalam present tense, sedangkan main clause biasanya dalam bentuk present, future, atau imperative.

*Tipe 2
Type 2 is concerned with hypothetical or unreal situations in the present. (berkaitan dengan khayalan atau situasi yang tidak nyata saat ini.)

*Tipe 3
Type 3 is concerned with hypothetical discussion about the past.

2. Tipe Wish :

*Type 1. mengenai kejadian nyata
Dalam tipe 1, if clause dalam present tense, sedangkan main clause biasanya dalam bentuk present, future, atau imperative.

*Type 2
Type 2 is concerned with hypothetical or unreal situations in the present. (berkaitan dengan khayalan atau situasi yang tidak nyata saat ini.)

Tipe 3
Type 3 is concerned with hypothetical discussion about the past


3. Fungsi dari masing-masing tipe :

*Tipe 1.
Dalam tipe 1, if clause dalam present tense, sedangkan main clause biasanya dalam bentuk present, future, atau imperative.

*Tipe 2
Tipe 2 is concerned with hypothetical or unreal situations in the present. (berkaitan dengan khayalan atau situasi yang tidak nyata saat ini.)

*Tipe 3
Tipe 3 is concerned with hypothetical discussion about the past.


4. 10 contoh kalimat pengandaian beserta faktanya

1. If I got the money, would buy you the comic. Fact: I don't get the money so I don't buy you the comic.

2. If my mother prepared the break fast, we would eat it. fact : Mother doesn’t prepare the breakfast so we don't eat it.
3. Father would pick me if I asked him. fact : Father doesn’t pickme because I don't ask him.
4. If the teacher didn’t come we would be happy. fact : The Teacher comes so we aren't be happy.
5. The teacher would give us the test if we were ready. fact : The teacherdoesn't give us the test because we 
aren’t ready.
6. The boy wouldn’t playin the rain if his mother didn't permit him The boy plays in the rain because his Mother permits him.
7. If he had visited me, I would have been happy He didn't visited me so I wasn't happy.
8. If they had not attended the meting, they wouldn’t have gotten the information.
9. They attended the meting, they got the information.
10. I would have been late if I hadn't gotten up early I wasn't late because I got up early.
 

tugas 10

1. Conditional (Kalimat Pengandaian) menjelaskan bahwa sebuah kegiatan bertentangan dengan kegiatan yang lain. Conditional yang paling umum adalah Real Conditonal dan Unreal Conditonal, kadang-kadang disebut juga if-clauses.

2. Bentuk Conditional Sentences :
    - Zero Conditional
    - Real Conditional
    - Unreal Conditional
    - Conditional Tipe III

3. 10 kalimat yang menggunakan Conditional Sentences :
    - If it doesn’t rain, I will go shopping.
    - If you had studied hard, you would have passed the exam.
    - If you start thinking about this game, it will drive you crazy.
    - If you came home earlier, I would make you a cake.
    - If I hadn’t helped you, you would have failed
    - If it had been sunny, we could have gone out.
    - I would buy a new car, if I won the competition
    - I won’t mark your homework, unless you hand it in.
    - Unless you hand in your homework, I won’t mark it.
    - Water boils if you heat it to 100 degrees Celsius.


http://mangantar.wordpress.com/2011/11/28/definisi-conditional-sentences/
http://www.scribd.com/doc/38817068/if-clause

tugas 9

1. 10 kalimat passive berbentuk negatif :

1. Fani isn't helped by Nick
2. The food wasn't ate by Nick
3. Faisal isn't kicked by Fani
4. A ceremony is not held by somebody
5. The car was not stolen by him
6. The castle wasn't built by the King of Majapahit
7. The house wasn't built by me
8. The dog wasn't not kicked by me
9. The boat wasn't kicked by Sangkuriang
10. The paper isn't cut by Fani

2. 10 kalimat pasif berbentuk kalimat tanya

1. Will you bring your pen?
2. Is the school uniform wasn't wearing by her?
3. Is cake made by her?
4. Is Siska helped by Indri?
5. Is donat eaten by Andri?
6. Is that boy who kicking Bowo?
7. Did she pass the test?
8. Does today I go to campus?
9. Is today is a sunny day said the Forecast?
10. Is cake eaten by her?


http://yogaskusumah.blogspot.com/2012/01/contoh-10-kalimat-pasif-negatif-bahasa.html
http://catatanbaru.wordpress.com/2012/01/04/kalimat-passive-berbentuk-negatif-dan-kalimat-passive-berbentuk-kalimat-tanya/

tugas 8

1. Intransitive verb adalah kata kerja yang tidak memerlukan obyek, karena sudah dapat dipahami dengan sempurna makna kalimat tersebut.

2. Kata kerja Intransitive verbs adalah :
    - Shine
    - Come
    - Sit
    - Boil
    - Sleep
    - Fall
    - Cry

3. 10 kalimat intrasitive verb :
    - The baby cries
    - My mother is sleeping
    - The water bolls
    - Water boils at 100 degree celcius
    - They will sleep in my hotel
    - She sits alone
    - He rain drops from the sky
    - He played the fool
    - He laughs a hard laugh
    - He slept a sound sleep


http://ekagurunesama.blogspot.com/2011/01/pengertian-dan-jenis-verb.html
http://siswaagungsegara.blogspot.com/2011/11/intransitive-verb.html
http://denysilvanes.wordpress.com/2011/11/07/intransitive-verbs/

tugas 7

1. Transitive verb yaitu kata kerja yang memerlukan objek untuk menyempurnakan arti kalimat atau melengkapi makna kalimat.

2. Kata kerja Transitive adalah :
    - Drink
    - Watch
    - Read
    - Fill
    - Open
    - Close

3. Contoh kalimat :
     - He watches the film
     - The man cuts the tree
     - He struck the board
     - He bought a shirt
     - They watch the film
     - You push the door
     - He killed a snake
     - She brushes her hair every hour
     - Arina will lose the race
     - He is reading a magazine


http://ekagurunesama.blogspot.com/2011/01/pengertian-dan-jenis-verb.html
http://catatanbahasainggris.blogspot.com/2009/04/transitive-dan-intransitive-verbs.html
 

Senin, 09 April 2012

tugas 2

 CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER!


1.The employees responsible for carrying out general office duties, filling in forms and keeping statistics are...
   a. clerks      b. accountants      c. supervisors

2.The employees who sell a company's products are the sales representatives, usually known as ………..
   a. vendors      b. renters        c. reps

3.The employees who decide what to purchase, and who make the purchases of finished goods or
   components to be made into goods, are the ………..
   a. choosers        b. procurers        c. buyers

4. The employees who are responsible for seeing that the finished goods are well made are the
    a. packers        b. quality controllers       c. financial staff

5. The clerical workers who use typewriters or word processors and who produce letters, memos or othe
    documents, are ...........
   a. secretaries         b. editors          c. copywriters

6. The employees who check a company's financial affairs are the ............
   a. statisticians           b. accountants          c. counters

7.The employees who are responsible for preparing checks, pay packets and pay slips are the ............
   a. wages clerks        b. filing clerks          c. paying clerks

8. The workers who process data, under the control of managers and supervisors, are the computer …….
    a. hackers              b. operators             c. screeners

9.The person who greets a visitor and tells him or her how to get to the right office is the ..........
    a. manager             b. president              c. receptionist

10. The employees who deal with a company's telephone calls are the
     a. VDU operators             b. telex operators            c. switchboard operators
11.The Board of ......is responsible for deciding on and controlling the strategy of a corporation or company.
     a. Workers               b. Directors             c. Control

12. Small businesses depend on investors providing ………capital.
      a. venture              b. individual             c. cooperative

13. Investors are influenced by the projected ………. on their capital.
      a. market            b. return              c. rate

14. The capital needed to run a business is provided by ...........
      a. gain             b. risk           c. investment

15. Rent and rates, which do not change as turnover volume changes, make up the .......costs of a company.
     a. fixed     b. contribution     c. variable


1. CHOOSING FROM THE WORDS IN THE BOX!


a. information        e.chips            h. WYSIWYG         k. controls
b. processing         f. RAM          i. graphics                 l. systems
c. load                  g. ROM          j. bugs                      m. scroll
d. files


1. Problems in programs are caused by J.Bugs

2. Silicon E.Chips contain a set of integrated circuits, reduced to a very small size.

3. Obtaining A.Information is done by b. Processing data.

4. Software produces images which can appear on the screen as I.Graphics

5. Memory that is permanent, cannot be written to, and can only be read, is G.ROM

6. Memory into which information can be loaded and from which data can be read, is F.RAM
 
7. Operators C.Load into the computer's memory a program that they want to use.

8. Analysing ways of doing things, and of improving them, is done by L.System analysts.

9. "What you see is what you get" explains H.WYSIWYG

10. A single disk can contain a large number of different D.Files

11. K.Controls can carry out instructions or operations when certain conditions occur.

12. The operators  lines of text up the screen, so that a new line appears at the bottom and the top line disappears M.Scroll

Sabtu, 07 April 2012

tugas 6

1. Definisi passive voice : 
Kalimat pasif adalah kalimat yang subjeknya bukan pelaku suatu tindakan. Si subjek adalah si penerima akibat dari sebuah tindakan.

2. Mengubah kalimat aktif menjadi pasif :
Kalimat aktif diubah menjadi kalimat pasif dengan menjadikan “object” kalimat aktif itu sebagai “Subject” kalimat pasif tersebut. Berdasarkan hal itu jelaslah bahwa hanya kalimat yang memiliki “object” yang dapat diubah menjadi pasif.
Contoh :
aktif : Yanto slapped the boy on his face
pasif : The boy was slapped on his face

3. Contoh kalimat :
Aktif  : He writes the letter carefully.
Pasif  : The letter is written carefully.

Aktif  : He meets them everyday. 
Pasif  : They are met by him everyday.

Aktif  : He had met them before I came.
Pasif  : They had been met by him before I came.

Aktif  : He will meet them tomorrow. 
Pasif  : They will be met by him tomorrow.
  
Aktif  : He would have met them. 
Pasif  : They would have been met by him.



  
http://ismailworld.wordpress.com/2008/04/09/passive-voice/
http://agung-24.blogspot.com/2011/03/kalimat-aktif-dan-pasif.html
http://badaiardiat.blogspot.com/2011/01/pengertian-passive-voice-dan-contohnya.html

tugas 5

10 contoh kalimat Gerunds :

1. Aldi will stop selling the book.
    Aldi will stop to sell the book.

2. Bagus will continue studying in the UK.
    Bagus will continue to study in the UK.

3. She starts learning English.
    She starts to learn English.

4. I regret selling my old house.
    I regret to sell my old house

5. She tried opening the box.
    She tried to open the box

6. I advise going home.
    I advise her to go home.

7. I can't stand living in a crowded area.
    I can't stand to live in a croded area.

8. I hate waiting for someone who always late.
    I hate to wait for someone who always late.

9. I like listening to the radio.
    I like to listen to the radio.

10. I like reading a book in the park.
      I like to read a book in the park.




http://www.latihan-english.com/2011/03/gerund-contoh-kalimat.html
http://www.latihan-english.com/2011/03/gerund-contoh-kalimat_05.html

tugas 4

Dalam kalimat, Gerund berfungsi sebagai :
a. subjek (subject)
b. pelengkap subjek (subjective complement)
c. objek langsung (direct object)
d. objek preposisi (object of preposition)
e. aposisi (appositive)



Subject :
Gerund sebagai subjek pokok kalimat, contoh:
- Swimming is good service.- Your singing is very beautiful.


Subjective Complement :
Gerund sebagai pelengkap subjek dalam kalimat biasanya selalu didahului to be yang terletak di antara subject dan subjective complement, contoh:
- My favorite sport is running.- My favorite activity is reading.



Direct Object :
Gerund sebagai objek langsung dalam kalimat, contoh:
- I enjoy dancing.- She likes dancing.


Object of Preposition :
Gerund sebagai objek preposisi yang terletak setelah preposisi. Preposisi yang sering dipakai adalah of, on, no, with, without, at for, after, before, because of, to, like, about, for, by, in.
Contoh:
- He is tired of gambling.- I am fond of eating bakso.



Appositive :
Gerund sebagai aposisi atau penegas dalam kalimat, contoh:
- My hobby, fishing, is interesting.- I do not like quarrelling, a useless job.
My hobby is fishing dan fishing is interesting diletakkan bersebelahan dalam sebuah kalimat sebagai appositive (fishing adalah aposisi dari my hobby), begitu juga contoh kalimat dibawahnya.



http://catatanbahasainggris.blogspot.com/2009/04/gerunds.html

tugas 3

Gerund adalah kata benda yang berasal dari kata kerja ditambah –ing, misalnya swimming, eating, fishing, shopping, dancing, dan singing. Bila diperhatikan, Gerund mempunyai bentuk yang sama dengan Present Participle, bedanya Gerund berfungsi sebagai kata benda, sedangkan Present Participle sebagai kata sifat yang menerangkan kata benda.




http://catatanbahasainggris.blogspot.com/2009/04/gerunds.html

Kamis, 05 April 2012

tugas 1

Reported speech adalah menyatakan kata-kata yang sebenarnya, ini disebut direct speech (kalimat langsung). Kalimat-kalimat tersebut tidak dihubungkan oleh “that” melainkan harus ditandai dengan (tanda baca) koma.

Reported speech juga memberikan isi pokok kata-kata yang dipakai oleh si pembicara dan bukan kata-kata yang sebenarnya ini disebut indirect speech (kalimat tidak langsung). Dalam indirect speech kalimat-kalimat itu dihubungkan dengan kata “that".

Bentuk waktu reporting verb tidak diubah, akan tetapi bentuk waktu reported speech harus diubah berdasarkan atas bentuk waktu reporting verb.

perubahan untuk bentuk waktu dari reported speech sebagai berikut :
Direct Speech 
Simple present
Present continuous
Present perfect
Present perfect continuous
Simple past
Past continuous
Future
Present
Indirect Speech 
Simple past
Past continuous
Past perfect
Past perfect continuous
Past perfect
Past perfect continuous
Past
Past


opini gambar tugas 13




menurut saya tentang gambar diatas :

seorang pemerintah yang tidak tahu harus berbuat apa untuk para rakyatnya. pemerintah ini tidak tahu caranya untuk mengatasi atau mencegah banjir yang sering melanda kotanya tersebut. pemerintah sering kena kritikan para rakyat kecil, tetapi sampai sekarang belum tahu bagaimana cara mengatasinya. mereka hanya dapat berjanji dan terus berjanji.

opini gambar tugas 12




menurut saya tentang gambar diatas adalah :

mereka semua bukan wakil rakyat. mereka melakukan itu tidak sadar kalau kita rakyat kecil sedang melihatnya. tidak pantas dicontoh wakil rakyat seperti ini. disaat sedang mengadakan rapat mereka malah asik tidur dan tidak tahu nasib para rakyat-rakyat yang sedang kelaparan.
mereka diberi fasilitas mewah serba ada, tetapi hasil semua rapat yang selalu memakan waktu berjam-jam itu semua NOL. menurut saya, sampai sekarang pun wakil rakyat belum ada yang sesuai dengan mulut mereka yang biasa mereka ucapkan di rapat-rapat. tidak patut dicontoh!!!!